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Mechanics: collectible invention cards

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Levers, screws and gears are the building blocks of every machine. Engineers of antiquity already knew several of them. The industrial revolution of the 18th century multiplied their use thanks to steam and steel. A single principle can serve for centuries.

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Circular saw, by Tabitha Babbitt

Circular saw

by Tabitha Babbitt

A Shaker woman watched men struggle with a two-man saw. She noticed that a round blade was more efficient. Around 1810 she invented the first circular saw used in a sawmill.

Photo: Radomil talk (CC BY-SA 3.0)

Cotton gin, by Eli Whitney

Cotton gin

by Eli Whitney

Separating cotton seed from its fibre by hand was demanding work, done by enslaved people. In 1793 in Georgia a mechanic invented a machine to do it.

Photo: Tom Murphy VII (Public domain)

Hoffmann kiln, by Friedrich Eduard Hoffmann

Hoffmann kiln

by Friedrich Eduard Hoffmann

Once, each batch of bricks came out different from the last because they were fired in single-chamber kilns. A Berlin architect devised a ring of about twelve chambers, each of which could be fired separately.

Photo: Internet Archive Book Images (No restrictions)

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